Support public key literals and tidy up handling of Raw vs PodId (#319)

* Support public key literals and tidy up handling of Raw vs PodId

src/backends/plonky2/primitives/ec/curve.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use core::ops::{Add, Mul};
 use std::{
     array, fmt,
     ops::{AddAssign, Neg, Sub},
+    str::FromStr,
     sync::LazyLock,
 };
 
@@ -121,6 +122,27 @@ impl fmt::Display for Point {
     }
 }
 
+impl FromStr for Point {
+    type Err = Error;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        let point_bytes = bs58::decode(s)
+            .into_vec()
+            .map_err(|e| Error::custom(format!("Base58 decode error: {}", e)))?;
+
+        if point_bytes.len() == 80 {
+            // Non-compressed
+            Ok(Point {
+                x: ec_field_from_bytes(&point_bytes[..40])?,
+                u: ec_field_from_bytes(&point_bytes[40..])?,
+            })
+        } else {
+            // Compressed
+            Self::from_bytes_into_subgroup(&point_bytes)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl Serialize for Point {
     fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
     where
@@ -137,19 +159,7 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Point {
         D: Deserializer<'de>,
     {
         let point_b58 = String::deserialize(deserializer)?;
-        let point_bytes: Vec<u8> = bs58::decode(point_b58)
+        Self::from_str(&point_b58).map_err(serde::de::Error::custom)
-            .into_vec()
-            .map_err(serde::de::Error::custom)?;
-        if point_bytes.len() == 80 {
-            // Non-compressed
-            Ok(Point {
-                x: ec_field_from_bytes(&point_bytes[..40]).map_err(serde::de::Error::custom)?,
-                u: ec_field_from_bytes(&point_bytes[40..]).map_err(serde::de::Error::custom)?,
-            })
-        } else {
-            // Compressed
-            Self::from_bytes_into_subgroup(&point_bytes).map_err(serde::de::Error::custom)
-        }
     }
 }
 

src/lang/grammar.pest

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ document = { SOI ~ (use_statement | custom_predicate_def | request_def)* ~ EOI }
 use_statement = { "use" ~ use_predicate_list ~ "from" ~ batch_ref }
 use_predicate_list = { import_name ~ ("," ~ import_name)* }
 import_name = { identifier | "_" }
-batch_ref = { literal_raw }
+batch_ref = { hash_hex }
 
 request_def = { "REQUEST" ~ "(" ~ statement_list? ~ ")" } 
 
@@ -59,11 +59,13 @@ anchored_key = { wildcard ~ "[" ~ literal_string ~ "]" }
 
 // Literal Values (ordered to avoid ambiguity, e.g., string before int)
 literal_value = {
+    literal_public_key |
     literal_dict |
     literal_set |
     literal_array |
     literal_bool |
     literal_raw |
+    literal_pod_id |
     literal_string |
     literal_int
 }
@@ -72,9 +74,12 @@ literal_value = {
 literal_int = @{ "-"? ~ ASCII_DIGIT+ }
 literal_bool = @{ "true" | "false" }
 
-// literal_raw: 0x followed by exactly 32 PAIRS of hex digits (64 hex characters)
+// hash_hex: 0x followed by exactly 32 PAIRS of hex digits (64 hex characters)
 // representing a 32-byte value in big-endian order
-literal_raw = @{ "0x" ~ (ASCII_HEX_DIGIT ~ ASCII_HEX_DIGIT){32} }
+hash_hex = @{ "0x" ~ (ASCII_HEX_DIGIT ~ ASCII_HEX_DIGIT){32} }
+
+literal_raw = { "Raw" ~ "(" ~ hash_hex ~ ")" }
+literal_pod_id = { hash_hex }
 
 // String literal parsing based on https://pest.rs/book/examples/json.html
 literal_string = ${ "\"" ~ inner ~ "\"" } // Compound atomic string rule
@@ -85,6 +90,11 @@ char = { // Rule for a single logical character (unescaped or escaped)
     | "\\" ~ ("u" ~ ASCII_HEX_DIGIT{4}) // Unicode escape sequence
 }
 
+// PublicKey(...)
+base58_char = { '1'..'9' | 'A'..'H' | 'J'..'N' | 'P'..'Z' | 'a'..'k' | 'm'..'z' }
+base58_string = @{ base58_char+ }
+literal_public_key = { "PublicKey" ~ "(" ~ base58_string ~ ")" }
+
 // Container Literals (recursive definition using literal_value)
 literal_array = { "[" ~ (literal_value ~ ("," ~ literal_value)*)? ~ "]" }
 literal_set = { "#[" ~ (literal_value ~ ("," ~ literal_value)*)? ~ "]" }
@@ -95,7 +105,9 @@ dict_pair = { literal_string ~ ":" ~ literal_value }
 test_identifier = { SOI ~ identifier ~ EOI }
 test_wildcard = { SOI ~ wildcard ~ EOI }
 test_literal_int = { SOI ~ literal_int ~ EOI }
-test_literal_raw = { SOI ~ literal_raw ~ EOI } 
+test_hash_hex = { SOI ~ hash_hex ~ EOI } 
+test_literal_raw = { SOI ~ literal_raw ~ EOI }
+test_literal_pod_id = { SOI ~ literal_pod_id ~ EOI }
 test_literal_value = { SOI ~ literal_value ~ EOI }
 test_statement = { SOI ~ statement ~ EOI }
 test_custom_predicate_def = { SOI ~ custom_predicate_def ~ EOI } 

src/lang/mod.rs

@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::{
         lang::error::ProcessorError,
         middleware::{
-            CustomPredicate, CustomPredicateBatch, CustomPredicateRef, Key, NativePredicate,
+            hash_str, CustomPredicate, CustomPredicateBatch, CustomPredicateRef, Key,
-            Params, PodType, Predicate, StatementTmpl, StatementTmplArg, Value, Wildcard,
+            NativePredicate, Params, PodId, PodType, Predicate, RawValue, StatementTmpl,
-            SELF_ID_HASH,
+            StatementTmplArg, Value, Wildcard, SELF_ID_HASH,
         },
     };
 
@@ -854,6 +854,78 @@ mod tests {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_e2e_literals() -> Result<(), LangError> {
+        let pk = crate::backends::plonky2::primitives::ec::curve::Point::generator();
+        let pk_b58 = pk.to_string();
+        let pod_id = PodId(hash_str("test"));
+        let raw = RawValue::from(1);
+        let string = "hello";
+        let int = 123;
+        let bool = true;
+
+        let input = format!(
+            r#"
+            REQUEST(
+                Equal(?A["pk"], PublicKey({}))
+                Equal(?B["pod_id"], {:#})
+                Equal(?C["raw"], Raw({:#}))
+                Equal(?D["string"], "{}")
+                Equal(?E["int"], {})
+                Equal(?F["bool"], {})
+            )
+        "#,
+            pk_b58, pod_id, raw, string, int, bool
+        );
+        /*
+            REQUEST(
+                Equal(?A["pk"], PublicKey(3t9fNuU194n7mSJPRdeaJRMqw6ZQCUddzvECWNe1k2b1rdBezXpJxF))
+                Equal(?B["pod_id"], 0x735b31d3aad0f5b66002ffe1dc7d2eaa0ee9c59c09b641e8261530c5f3a02f29)
+                Equal(?C["raw"], Raw(0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001))
+                Equal(?D["string"], "hello")
+                Equal(?E["int"], 123)
+                Equal(?F["bool"], true)
+            )
+        */
+
+        let params = Params::default();
+        let processed = parse(&input, &params, &[])?;
+        let request_templates = processed.request_templates;
+
+        assert_eq!(request_templates.len(), 6);
+
+        let expected_templates = vec![
+            StatementTmpl {
+                pred: Predicate::Native(NativePredicate::Equal),
+                args: vec![sta_ak(("A", 0), "pk"), sta_lit(Value::from(pk))],
+            },
+            StatementTmpl {
+                pred: Predicate::Native(NativePredicate::Equal),
+                args: vec![sta_ak(("B", 1), "pod_id"), sta_lit(Value::from(pod_id))],
+            },
+            StatementTmpl {
+                pred: Predicate::Native(NativePredicate::Equal),
+                args: vec![sta_ak(("C", 2), "raw"), sta_lit(Value::from(raw))],
+            },
+            StatementTmpl {
+                pred: Predicate::Native(NativePredicate::Equal),
+                args: vec![sta_ak(("D", 3), "string"), sta_lit(Value::from(string))],
+            },
+            StatementTmpl {
+                pred: Predicate::Native(NativePredicate::Equal),
+                args: vec![sta_ak(("E", 4), "int"), sta_lit(Value::from(int))],
+            },
+            StatementTmpl {
+                pred: Predicate::Native(NativePredicate::Equal),
+                args: vec![sta_ak(("F", 5), "bool"), sta_lit(Value::from(bool))],
+            },
+        ];
+
+        assert_eq!(request_templates, expected_templates);
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_e2e_use_unknown_batch() {
         let params = Params::default();

src/lang/parser.rs

@@ -106,19 +106,42 @@ mod tests {
         // Raw - Require 64 hex digits (32 bytes, equal to 4 * 64-bit field elements)
         assert_parses(
             Rule::literal_raw,
-            "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+            "Raw(0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)",
         );
         assert_parses(
             Rule::literal_raw,
-            "0xabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcd",
+            "Raw(0xabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcd)",
         );
-        let long_valid_raw = format!("0x{}", "a".repeat(64));
+        let long_valid_raw = format!("Raw(0x{})", "a".repeat(64));
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_raw, &long_valid_raw);
 
         // Use anchored rule for failure cases
-        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_raw, "0xabc"); // Fails (string is too short)
+        assert_fails(
-        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_raw, "0x"); // Fails (needs at least one pair)
+            Rule::test_literal_raw,
-        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_raw, &format!("0x{}", "a".repeat(66))); // Fails (string is too long)
+            "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)",
+        ); // Missing Raw() wrapper
+        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_raw, "Raw(0xabc)"); // Fails (string is too short)
+        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_raw, "Raw(0x)"); // Fails (needs at least one pair)
+        assert_fails(
+            Rule::test_literal_raw,
+            &format!("Raw(0x{})", "a".repeat(66)),
+        ); // Fails (string is too long)
+
+        // PodId (essentially identical to Raw but without the wrapper)
+        assert_parses(
+            Rule::literal_pod_id,
+            "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+        );
+        assert_parses(
+            Rule::literal_pod_id,
+            "0xabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcdabcd",
+        );
+        let long_valid_pod_id = format!("0x{}", "a".repeat(64));
+        assert_parses(Rule::literal_pod_id, &long_valid_pod_id);
+
+        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_pod_id, "0xabc"); // Fails (string is too short)
+        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_pod_id, "0x"); // Fails (needs at least one pair)
+        assert_fails(Rule::test_literal_pod_id, &format!("0x{}", "a".repeat(66))); // Fails (string is too long)
 
         // String
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_string, "\"hello\"");
@@ -126,10 +149,16 @@ mod tests {
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_string, "\"\\\\ backslash\"");
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_string, "\"\\uABCD\"");
         assert_fails(Rule::literal_string, "\"unterminated");
+
+        // PublicKey
+        assert_parses(Rule::literal_public_key, "PublicKey(base58string)");
+        assert_fails(Rule::literal_public_key, "PublicKey(OhNo)"); // Fails because O is not valid base58
+
         // Array
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_array, "[]");
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_array, "[1, \"two\", true]");
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_array, "[ [1], #[2] ]");
+
         // Set
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_set, "#[]");
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_set, "#[1, 2, 3]");
@@ -137,6 +166,7 @@ mod tests {
             Rule::literal_set,
             "#[ \"a\", 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ]",
         );
+
         // Dict
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_dict, "{}");
         assert_parses(Rule::literal_dict, "{ \"name\": \"Alice\", \"age\": 30 }");

src/lang/processor.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use plonky2::field::types::Field;
 
 use super::error::ProcessorError;
 use crate::{
+    backends::plonky2::primitives::ec::curve::Point,
     frontend::{BuilderArg, CustomPredicateBatchBuilder, StatementTmplBuilder},
     lang::parser::Rule,
     middleware::{
@@ -335,10 +336,10 @@ fn validate_and_build_statement_template(
                 | NativePredicate::Lt
                 | NativePredicate::LtEq
                 | NativePredicate::SetContains
+                | NativePredicate::NotContains
                 | NativePredicate::DictNotContains
                 | NativePredicate::SetNotContains => 2,
-                NativePredicate::NotContains
+                NativePredicate::Contains
-                | NativePredicate::Contains
                 | NativePredicate::ArrayContains
                 | NativePredicate::DictContains
                 | NativePredicate::SumOf
@@ -523,7 +524,6 @@ fn process_and_add_custom_predicate_to_batch(
     let public_args_strs: Vec<&str> = public_arg_strings.iter().map(AsRef::as_ref).collect();
     let private_args_strs: Vec<&str> = private_arg_strings.iter().map(AsRef::as_ref).collect();
     let sts_slice: &[StatementTmplBuilder] = &statement_builders;
-
     if conjunction {
         cpb_builder.predicate_and(&name, &public_args_strs, &private_args_strs, sts_slice)?;
     } else {
@@ -667,11 +667,11 @@ fn process_literal_value(
             Ok(Value::from(val))
         }
         Rule::literal_raw => {
-            let full_literal_str = inner_lit.as_str();
+            let full_literal_str = inner_lit.clone().into_inner().next().unwrap();
             let hex_str_no_prefix = full_literal_str
+                .as_str()
                 .strip_prefix("0x")
-                .unwrap_or(full_literal_str);
+                .unwrap_or(full_literal_str.as_str());
-
             parse_hex_str_to_raw_value(hex_str_no_prefix)
                 .map_err(|e| match e {
                     ProcessorError::InvalidLiteralFormat { kind, value, .. } => {
@@ -694,6 +694,27 @@ fn process_literal_value(
                 })
                 .map(Value::from)
         }
+        Rule::literal_pod_id => {
+            let hex_str_no_prefix = inner_lit
+                .as_str()
+                .strip_prefix("0x")
+                .unwrap_or(inner_lit.as_str());
+            let pod_id = parse_hex_str_to_pod_id(hex_str_no_prefix)?;
+            Ok(Value::from(pod_id))
+        }
+        Rule::literal_public_key => {
+            let pk_str_pair = inner_lit.into_inner().next().unwrap();
+            let pk_b58 = pk_str_pair.as_str();
+            let point: Point =
+                pk_b58
+                    .parse()
+                    .map_err(|e| ProcessorError::InvalidLiteralFormat {
+                        kind: "PublicKey".to_string(),
+                        value: format!("{} (error: {})", pk_b58, e),
+                        span: Some(get_span(&pk_str_pair)),
+                    })?;
+            Ok(Value::from(point))
+        }
         Rule::literal_string => Ok(Value::from(parse_pest_string_literal(&inner_lit)?)),
         Rule::literal_array => {
             let elements: Result<Vec<Value>, ProcessorError> = inner_lit
@@ -823,6 +844,11 @@ fn parse_hex_str_to_raw_value(hex_str: &str) -> Result<middleware::RawValue, Pro
     Ok(middleware::RawValue(v))
 }
 
+fn parse_hex_str_to_pod_id(hex_str: &str) -> Result<middleware::PodId, ProcessorError> {
+    let raw = parse_hex_str_to_raw_value(hex_str)?;
+    Ok(middleware::PodId(raw.into()))
+}
+
 // Helper to resolve a wildcard name string to an indexed middleware::Wildcard
 // based on an ordered list of names from the current scope (e.g., request or predicate def).
 fn resolve_wildcard(

src/middleware/mod.rs

@@ -440,6 +440,8 @@ impl fmt::Display for PodId {
             write!(f, "self")
         } else if self.0 == EMPTY_HASH {
             write!(f, "null")
+        } else if f.alternate() {
+            write!(f, "{:#}", self.0)
         } else {
             write!(f, "{}", self.0)
         }